|
|
Tour de France 1970 : the real numbers of doping |
|
The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
| Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
| FAEMA-FAEMINO | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| PEUGEOT-BP-MICHELIN | 10 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FAGOR-MERCIER-HUTCHINSON | 10 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| SALVARANI | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| KAS-KASKOL | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| WILLEM II-GAZELLE | 10 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| MOLTENI | 10 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FRIMATIC-DE GRIBALDY-WOLBER | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| BIC | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| SONOLOR-LEJEUNE | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| MANN-GRUNDIG | 10 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| MARS-FLANDRIA | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| CABALLERO-LAURENS | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| FERRETTI | 10 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| SCIC | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 150 | 58 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Pourcentage | 39% | 50% | 67% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)
1969 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (sanction not known) ; 197x : fraud & confessions (sanction not known)
1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
1971 : positive control
1981 : absence to control
196x : aveux en 1997 et 2016 (no penalty) ; 1966 : absence to control ; 1968 : refusal to submit to control (no penalty)
1968 : positive control ; 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1977 (no penalty)
1968 : positive control (no penalty)
1966 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1969 : positive control
1969 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control
1967 : positive control
1966 : positive control ; 1969 : absence to control ; 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : absence to control (sanction not known)
1971 : positive control
1966 : positive control
1967 : positive control ; 1969 : positive control & constat de carence ; 1972 : positive control (sanction not known)
1967 : absence to control ; 1973 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : positive control
1977 : positive control
1967 : fraud
1976 : fraud
1976 : 2 positive controls (sanction not known) ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
1968 : positive control (sanction not known)
1974 : positive control
1967 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1969 : positive control, fraud attempt
1971 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control
1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (no penalty)
1971 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1971 : absence to control (sanction not known)
1969 : absence to control
1967 : positive control ; 1971 : positive control
1970 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1974 : positive control
2010 : positive control (?)
1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
1967 : positive control
1968 : fraud
1972 : fraud
1967 : positive control ; 1970 : positive control
1967 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control
1969 : positive control
1970 : positive control
1971 : positive control ; 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
1972 : positive control (no penalty)
1966 : positive control
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
3 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 2,33 per year
1. Merckx Eddy
1969 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (sanction not known) ; 197x : fraud & confessions (sanction not known)
2. Antheunis Etienne
3. Bruyère Joseph
1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1988 (no penalty)
4. Huysmans Jozef
5. Mintjens Frans
6. Spruyt Jozef
7. Swerts Roger
1966 : positive control
8. Vandenberghe Georges
9. Van Schil Victor
1968 : fraud
10. Zilioli Italo
1966 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1969 : positive control
67 years of existence, 76 cases, ie 1,13 per year
11. Bouloux Robert
12. Danguillaume Jean-pierre
1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
13. Delisle Raymond
1968 : positive control ; 1974 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1977 (no penalty)
14. Dumont Jean
1971 : positive control
15. Letort Désiré
1967 : positive control, confessions in 1997 ; 1967 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1968 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1968 : positive control ; 1969 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1971 : positive control
16. Martelozzo Pierre
17. Parenteau Jean-pierre
18. Pingeon Roger
1970 : positive control ; 1971 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1979 (sanction not known)
19. Raymond Christian
1969 : absence to control
20. Thevenet Bernard
1976 : 2 positive controls (sanction not known) ; 1977 : positive control ; 197x : confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
45 years of existence, 32 cases, ie 0,71 per year
21. Chappe Georges
1969 : positive control
22. Genet Jean-pierre
23. Guimard Cyrille
1970 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1974 : positive control
24. Labourdette Bernard
1976 : fraud
25. Peelman Eddy
1974 : positive control
26. Perin Michel
27. Perurena Txomin
1971 : positive control ; 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
28. Poulidor Raymond
196x : aveux en 1997 et 2016 (no penalty) ; 1966 : absence to control ; 1968 : refusal to submit to control (no penalty)
29. Rabaute Henri
30. Wolfshohl Rolf
1968 : positive control (sanction not known)
10 years of existence, 6 cases, ie 0,6 per year
31. Balmamion Franco
1968 : positive control (no penalty)
32. Chemello Cipriano
33. Dalla Bona Luciano
34. Godefroot Walter
1967 : absence to control ; 1973 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : positive control
35. Guerra Pietro
36. Houbrechts Antoon
37. Marcelli Vittorio
38. Mori Primo
39. Panizza Wladimiro
40. Schiavon Silvano
22 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,45 per year
41. Gabica Francisco
42. Galdos Gauna Francisco
43. Gandarias Andres
44. Gonzalez Puente Aurelio
45. Gonzalez Linares Jose-antonio
1967 : positive control ; 1971 : positive control
46. Jimenez Nemesio
47. Lopez Carril Vicente
48. Mascaro Gabriel
1967 : positive control
49. Uribezubia José-luis
50. Zubero Luis
6 years of existence, 6 cases, ie 1 per year
51. Dolman Evert
1967 : fraud
52. Hoogerheide Frits
53. Nuelant Victor
54. Ottenbros Harm
55. Pijnen René
56. Sels Edward
57. Serpenti Jan
58. Van Der Vleuten Jos
1967 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1969 : positive control, fraud attempt
59. Van Katwijk Jan
60. Wagtmans Marinus
1971 : positive control
19 years of existence, 17 cases, ie 0,89 per year
61. Anni Mario
62. Basso Marino
2010 : positive control (?)
63. Boifava Davide
64. Chiappano Carlo
65. Mori Franco
66. Pecchielan Arturo
67. Santambrogio Giacinto
68. Schutz Edy
69. Tosello Guerrino
70. Vandenbossche Martin
3 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 1,33 per year
71. Agostinho Joaquim
1969 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control ; 1973 : positive control ; 1977 : positive control
72. Delépine Régis
1975 : positive control
73. Frey Mogens
74. Gautier Pierre
75. Ghisellini Pierre
76. Grain Michel
77. Grelin René
78. Izier Maurice
79. Vidament Jean
80. Vifian Bernard
8 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 3,5 per year
81. Berland Roland
82. Genty Jean-claude
199x : confessions in 2001 (poitier trial)
83. Grosskost Charles
1965 : confessions in 1965 ; 1967 : positive control
84. Janssen Jan
1967 : positive control ; 1969 : positive control & constat de carence ; 1972 : positive control (sanction not known)
85. Leblanc Jean-marie
86. Novak Anatole
87. Ocana Luis
1977 : positive control
88. Schleck Johny
89. Vasseur Alain
90. Vasseur Sylvain
1972 : positive control (no penalty)
18 years of existence, 19 cases, ie 1,06 per year
91. Abrahamian Stéphane
92. Aimar Lucien
1966 : positive control ; 1969 : absence to control ; 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : absence to control (sanction not known)
93. Bellone Gilbert
1966 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1969 : absence to control (sanction not known) ; 1973 : positive control (no penalty)
94. Catieau José
1967 : positive control ; 1970 : positive control
95. Guyot Bernard
1968 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1969 : positive control ; 1973 : absence to control
96. Hoban Barry
1973 : positive control (sanction not known)
97. Ricci Walter
1971 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1971 : absence to control (sanction not known)
98. Riotte Raymond
99. Theillière Jean-claude
1968 : positive control ; 1975 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1975 : absence to control
100. Van Impe Lucien
1981 : absence to control
11 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 0,73 per year
101. De Bie René
102. De Schoenmaecker Joseph
103. De Witte Ronald
1974 : positive control
104. In't Ven Willy
1970 : positive control
105. Pintens Georges
106. Poppe André
107. Reyniers Eddy
108. Vanneste Willy
1967 : positive control
109. Van Rijckeghem Daniel
110. Van Springel Herman
1966 : positive control
22 years of existence, 28 cases, ie 1,27 per year
111. Beugels Eddy
1967 : positive control ; 1968 : positive control
112. Coulon Michel
113. David Gérard
1972 : fraud
114. De Boever Jaak
115. De Vlaeminck Eric
1973 : in the act (sanction not known) ; 197x : police investigation (sanction not known)
116. De Vlaeminck Roger
197x : fraud (sanction not known)
117. Leman Eric
1974 : absence to control ; 1974 : positive control
118. Lievens Marc
119. Nassen Pieter
120. Zoetemelk Joop
1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
13 years of existence, 5 cases, ie 0,38 per year
121. Benjamins Henk
122. Den Hartog Arie
123. Duyndam Leo
1972 : in the act
124. Harings Hubertus
125. Rentmeester Cees
126. Schepers Wim
1967 : positive control ; 1971 : positive control
127. Steevens Harry
128. Vianen Gérard
1971 : positive control ; 1972 : positive control
129. Wouters Adri
130. Zoontjens Cees
4 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,75 per year
131. Beghetto Giuseppe
132. Bocci Eraldo
1967 : positive control ; 1969 : positive control ; 1970 : positive control
133. Cortinovis Franco
134. Pettersson Gosta
135. Pettersson Thomas
136. Rota Renato
137. Tamiazzo Pietro
138. Tumellero Romano
139. Van Vlierberghe Albert
140. Vignolini Loris
11 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,09 per year
141. Armani Luciano
1968 : positive control
142. Benfatto Attilio
143. Conti Constantino
144. Durante Adriano
1966 : positive control
145. Jotti Ernesto
146. Michelotto Claudio
147. Paolini Enrico
148. Polidori Giancarlo
149. Portalupi Ambrogio
150. Zini Paolo
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction
Notes de lecture Acheter ce livre sur amazon.fr
Notes de lecture Acheter ce livre sur amazon.fr