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Tour de France 1985 : the real numbers of doping |
The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
RENAULT-ELF | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LA VIE CLAIRE | 10 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
PEUGEOT-SHELL | 10 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SKIL | 10 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
REYNOLDS | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FAGOR | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HITACHI-SUNAIR-SPLENDOR | 10 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
PANASONIC-RALEIGH | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
CAFE DE COLOMBIA-VARTA-MAVIC | 10 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CARRERA-INOXPRAN | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LA REDOUTE | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
KWANTUM-DECOSOL | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ZOR-NOVOTEL | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LOTTO | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
VERANDALUX-NISSAN | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SEAT-ORBEA | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
SANTINI-SELLE ITALIA | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TONISSTEINER | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 180 | 62 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
Pourcentage | 34% | 50% | 67% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net (31/01/2008)
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
24 years of existence, 22 cases, ie 0,92 per year
1. Chevallier Philippe
2. Gaigne Dominique
3. Gayant Martial
4. Lavainne Christophe
5. Madiot Marc 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
6. Madiot Yvon
7. Marie Thierry
8. Mottet Charly 198x : confessions in 1989 (no penalty)
9. Poisson Pascal 198x : aveux en 2021 (no penalty)
10. Roux Denis
8 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1 per year
11. Hinault Bernard 1982 : absence to control (no penalty)
12. Andersen Kim 1985 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1987 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1992 : positive control
13. Arnaud Dominique
14. Bauer Steve
15. Gomez Marc 198x : confessions in 1983 (no penalty)
16. Jourdan Christian 1980 : positive control
17. Lemond Greg
18. Ruttimann Niki
19. Vallet Bernard 1982 : absence to control
20. Vigneron Alain
67 years of existence, 75 cases, ie 1,12 per year
21. Millar Robert 1992 : positive control ; 199x : confessions (no penalty)
22. Brun Frédéric
23. Castaing Francis 1986 : police investigation ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
24. Duclos-lassalle Gilbert 1989 : absence to control (no penalty)
25. Forest Robert
26. Frebert Yvan
27. Linard Hubert
28. Peiper Allan 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
29. Simon Pascal 1983 : positive control
30. Yates Sean 1989 : positive control (no penalty)
8 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 1,13 per year
31. Kelly Sean 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : positive control
32. Bittinger René
33. Caritoux Eric 1986 : police control (no penalty)
34. Gallopin Guy
35. Garde Dominique
36. Mas Gilles
37. Pelier Joel 1988 : positive control
38. Poissonnier Philippe 1984 : positive control ; 1989 : border control
39. Van Meer Jacques
40. Vichot Frederic
45 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,64 per year
41. Aja Enrique
42. Chozas Eduardo
43. Gaston Crespi Inaki
44. Gonzalez Salvador Eduardo
45. Hernandez Bailo Carlos
46. Hernandez Ubeda Jesus
47. Indurain Miguel 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
48. Laguia Martinez José-luis 1983 : positive control
49. Navarro Fuster Francisco
50. Prieto Celestino
5 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,6 per year
51. Munoz Rodriguez Pedro 1982 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control
52. Bagot Jean-claude
53. Bazzo Pierre 1983 : positive control
54. Bernaudeau Jean-rené 1982 : absence to control (no penalty) ; 1985 : confessions in 1990 (no penalty) ; 1986 : absence to control (sanction not known)
55. Bibollet Michel
56. De Wolf Alfons
57. Earley Martin
58. Emonds Nikolaas 1990 : positive control ; 1995 : positive control
59. Lauraire Philippe
60. Lemarchand François
15 years of existence, 7 cases, ie 0,47 per year
61. Criquielion Claude 1985 : positive control (no penalty)
62. Biondi Laurent 2005 : police investigation (no penalty)
63. Devos Hendrik 1987 : positive control (sanction not known)
64. Dhaenens Rudy 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
65. Matthijs Rudy 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
66. Rogiers Rudy
67. Thurau Dietrich 1980 : absence to control ; 1980 : positive control ; 1980 : positive control and fraud (no penalty) ; 1980 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1986 : in the act ; 1987 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1988 (no penalty)
68. Toelen Patrick
69. Vandenbrande Jean-philippe
70. Wampers Jean-marie 1986 : positive control (sanction not known)
20 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,45 per year
71. Anderson Phil 1983 : positive control
72. De Keulenaer Ludo 1992 : fraud & confessions
73. De Rooy Theo 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
74. Lammerts Johan
75. Lubberding Henk
76. Nulens Guy
77. Rooks Steven 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
78. Vanderaerden Eric
79. Veldscholten Gerard
80. Winnen Peter 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
6 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,17 per year
81. Herrera Herrera Luis-alberto
82. Acevedo Porras Rafael-antonik
83. Agudelo Gomez Jose-antonio
84. Arango Rogelio
85. Jaramillo Meza Carlos-maria
86. Loiaza Martinez Herman
87. Montoya Reynel 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
88. Mora Zarate Nestor
89. Parra Pinto Fabio
90. Wilches Tumbia Pablo 1991 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
21 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,52 per year
91. Visentini Roberto 1988 : absence to control
92. Bontempi Guido 1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
93. Breu Beat 1979 : positive control
94. Lang Czeslaw
95. Leali Bruno 2010 : police investigation
96. Maechler Erich
97. Mutter Stefan
98. Pedersen Jorgen-vagn
99. Perini Giancarlo 199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
100. Santoni Glauco
101. Roche Stephen 1993 : police investigation
102. Bondue Alain
103. Claveyrolat Thierry 1986 : police control (no penalty)
104. Gauthier Jean-louis
105. Le Bigaut Pierre 1982 : absence to control ; 1987 : positive control
106. Sherwen Paul
107. Simon Jérome
108. Simon Régis
109. Vandenbroucke Jean-luc 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control ; 1976 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1978 : positive control and confessions in 1978 (no penalty)
110. Van Den Haute Ferdi 1982 : positive control
41 years of existence, 25 cases, ie 0,61 per year
111. Zoetemelk Joop 1976 : confessions in 1977 (no penalty) ; 1977 : positive control ; 1978 : confessions in 1979 (no penalty) ; 1979 : positive control ; 1983 : positive control
112. Ducrot Maarten 1982 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known) ; 1990 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
113. Manders Henri
114. Nijdam Jelle
115. Peeters Ludo
116. Shapiro Doug
117. Solleveld Gerrit
118. Van Der Poel Adri 1983 : positive control ; 1984 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
119. Van Vliet Leo
120. Wijnands Adrie
121. Arroyo Lanchas Angel 1979 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1982 : positive control
122. Durant Marc
123. Fernandez Juan
124. Fuerte Abelenda Anselmo
125. Ibanez Loyo Jesus-ignacio
126. Pieters Peter
127. Pino Counago Alvaro
128. Rodriguez Maldon. Francisco 1991 : positive control (sanction not known)
129. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
130. Ruperez Faustino
41 years of existence, 14 cases, ie 0,34 per year
131. Lieckens Jozef
132. Baeyens Jan
133. Dernies Michel
134. Godimus Yves
135. Haghedooren Paul 1988 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1990 : positive control (no penalty)
136. Mckenzie Eric 1982 : positive control
137. Onnockx Patrick
138. Schepers Eddy 1983 : positive control (sanction not known)
139. Sergeant Marc 1983 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control
140. Van Eynde Willem
141. Kuiper Hennie
142. Bogaert Jan
143. De Beule Etienne
144. Demol Dirk
145. Jacobs Jozef
146. Luyten Louis
147. Van Houwelingen Adrie
148. Van Houwelingen Jan
149. Van Vliet Teun
150. Verlinden Gery 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control
12 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,25 per year
151. Delgado Robledo Pedro 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
152. Del Ramo José
153. Greciano Anastasio
154. Ibanez Escribano Jeronimo
155. Mujika Aramburu Jokin
156. Murga Imanol
157. Otin Luis-vicente
158. Ruiz Cabestany Pello
159. Sanchis Tormo Jose-salvador
160. Zuniga Carrasco Ricardo
43 years of existence, 17 cases, ie 0,4 per year
161. Van Impe Lucien 1981 : absence to control
162. Bressan Roberto
163. Caroli Daniele
164. Cassani Davide
165. Cerri Claudio
166. Fasolo Claudio
167. Festa Elio
168. Gambirasio Patrizio
169. Pavanello Giuliano
170. Ronchiato Mario
1 year of existence, 2 cases, ie 2 per year
171. Wellens Paul 1985 : absence to control (sanction not known)
172. Lurquin André
173. Morjean Stefan
174. Patry Rudy
175. Segers Noël
176. Van Brabant Benny
177. Wallays Luc
178. Wijnants Jan
179. Wijnants Ludwig 1985 : positive control
180. Wouters Aloïs
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction