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Giro d'Italia 1992 : the real numbers of doping |
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The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.
| Teams | Riders | Pinned | Top 10 | Pinned | Podium | Pinned |
| GB-MG | 9 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Amore & Vita | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Banesto | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Carrera | 9 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Castorama | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ariostea | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Lotus | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gatorade | 9 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Italbonifica | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jolly | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lampre | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Mercatone Uno | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Motorola | 9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ONCE | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ryalcao | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Seur | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Telekom | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tulip | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Z | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ZG Mobili | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 180 | 65 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| Pourcentage | 36% | 40% | 67% |
Pinned: Number of riders who violated the anti-doping rules.
Included in this category: riders who have been tested positive (including refuse to submit to doping control or hematocrit> 50%), having acknowledged having doped, having been sanctioned (by the justice, their federation or their team).
Not included (for example) : those whose sample B was negative.
Top 10: number of riders present in the top 10 of the final general classification.
Podium: number of riders present in the first 3 of the final general classification.
Other data :
Ranking source : www.tour-giro-vuelta.net (11/11/2010)
1994 : positive control (no penalty)
1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
1999 : blood test (sanction not known)
2002 : in the act
1993 : confessions in 1994 (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
2000 : blood test
1988 : absence to control
1993 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
2010 : police investigation
1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
1998 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2001 : in the act
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : absence to control (no penalty)
1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
1984 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1987 : positive control ; 1987 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1989 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 2009 (no penalty)
1995 : border control ; 2006 : positive control
1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
1990 : positive control ; 1995 : positive control
1984 : positive control
2001 : in the act
1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
2001 : police investigation
2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
1998 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1999 : judicial search (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2003 : positive control
1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
1995 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty) ; 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1997 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1998 : confessions (sanction not known)
199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)
1986 : positive control
1992 : positive control (sanction not known)
1986 : positive control
1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
1989 : positive control (no penalty)
2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
1998 : in the act ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
199x : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
1992 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
1990 : confessions in 1996 (no penalty)
1992 : positive control
1997 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control (no penalty)
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
2001 : positive control (no penalty)
2002 : police investigation (sanction not known)
1996 : positive control ; 2001 : blood test
1986 : positive control
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction
The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.
The list of participants by team
8 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 1,25 per year
1. Chioccioli Franco
2. Vona Franco
3. Gusmeroli Roberto
4. Cesarini Francesco
5. Poli Eros
1986 : positive control
6. Gelfi Luca
7. Jaskula Zenon
1993 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
8. Cipollini Mario
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
9. Vanzella Flavio
1986 : positive control
33 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,33 per year
11. Barsotelli Gian Luigi
12. Calcaterra Giuseppe
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
13. Convalle Fabrizio
1990 : confessions in 1996 (no penalty)
14. Della Santa Stefano
15. Di Basco Alessio
1992 : positive control
16. Giraldi Stefano
2002 : police investigation (sanction not known)
17. Molinari Maurizio
18. Risi Bruno
19. Worre Jesper
1992 : positive control (sanction not known)
46 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 0,65 per year
21. Philipot Fabrice
22. De Las Cuevas Armand
1995 : border control ; 2006 : positive control
23. Fuchs Fabian
24. Gorospe Artabe Ruben
25. Indurain Miguel
1994 : positive control (no penalty)
26. Indurain Prudencio
27. Lukin Morantin Luis Javier
28. Santamaria Gonzales Jose-luis
29. Uriarte José-ramon
21 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,52 per year
31. Chiappucci Claudio
1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
32. Abdoujaparov Djamolidine
1989 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control ; 1997 : positive control
33. Pulnikov Vladimir
34. Giannelli Alessandro
35. Ghirotto Massimo
36. Cardenas Ordus Henry
37. Roscioli Fabio
38. Perini Giancarlo
199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
39. Bontempi Guido
1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
24 years of existence, 22 cases, ie 0,92 per year
41. Rue Gérard
42. Arnould Dominique
43. Marie Thierry
44. Bouvatier Philippe
45. Durand Jacky
1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control ; 1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
46. Kindberg Hans
47. Ledanois Yvon
1999 : judicial investigation
48. Davy Thomas
1995 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty) ; 1996 : positive control ; 1996 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1997 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1998 : confessions (sanction not known)
49. Simon François
10 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,2 per year
51. Baffi Adriano
52. Cassani Davide
53. Saligari Marco
54. Conti Roberto
2002 : in the act
55. Ferrigato Andrea
56. Furlan Giorgio
1999 : police investigation (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known)
57. Lelli Massimiliano
58. Lietti Marco
59. Riis Bjarne
198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)
12 years of existence, 30 cases, ie 2,5 per year
61. Kelly Sean
1984 : positive control ; 1988 : positive control
62. Gianetti Mauro
1998 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
63. Richard Pascal
64. Gainetdinov Romes
65. Gonzalez Arrieta José-ramon
66. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas
67. Valbuena Roset Juan
68. Pagnin Roberto
69. Da Silva Acacio
1984 : positive control
18 years of existence, 9 cases, ie 0,5 per year
71. Fignon Laurent
1984 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1987 : positive control ; 1987 : confessions in 2009 (no penalty) ; 1989 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 2009 (no penalty)
72. Giovannetti Marco
73. De Wolf Dirk
74. Rondon Vasquez Abelardo
75. Fidanza Giovanni
76. Gotti Ivan
1998 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2001 : in the act
77. Zanatta Stefano
78. Santaromita Mauro-antonio
1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)
79. Volpi Alberto
1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : absence to control (no penalty)
44 years of existence, 18 cases, ie 0,41 per year
81. Allocchio Stefano
82. Coppolillo Michele
1999 : positive control (no penalty)
83. Fontanelli Fabiano
1996 : positive control ; 2001 : blood test
84. Podenzana Massimo
1986 : positive control
85. Moro Michele
86. Settembrini Fabrizio
2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
87. Zanini Stefano
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty) ; 2001 : in the act
88. Lom Lubos
89. Vairetti Raimondo
27 years of existence, 14 cases, ie 0,52 per year
91. Botarelli Paolo
92. Cattai Stefano
93. Criscione Salvatore
94. Leoni Endrio
2001 : in the act ; 2002 : positive control
95. Mariuzzo Dario
96. Massi Rodolfo
1998 : in the act ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
97. Siboni Marcello
2001 : in the act
98. Steiger Daniel
99. Strazzer Massimo
2001 : positive control (no penalty)
7 years of existence, 0 cases, ie 0 per year
101. Bortolami Gianluca
1998 : confessions (sanction not known) ; 1999 : judicial search (sanction not known) ; 2000 : blood test (sanction not known) ; 2003 : positive control
102. Bontempi Fabrizio
103. Bramati Davide
104. Nicoletti Dario
105. Piovani Maurizio
106. Svorada Jan
107. Spruch Zbigniew
108. Szerszynski Marek
109. Tonkov Pavel
1999 : blood test (sanction not known)
15 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,33 per year
111. Giupponi Flavio
1988 : absence to control
112. Zaina Enrico
113. Petito Giuseppe
114. Martinello Silvio
115. Leali Bruno
2010 : police investigation
116. Bordonali Fabio
117. Emonds Nikolaas
1990 : positive control ; 1995 : positive control
118. Canzonieri Angelo
119. Pierdomenico Germano
17 years of existence, 5 cases, ie 0,29 per year
121. Hampsten Andrew
122. Alvis Norman
123. Bauer Steve
124. Dernies Michel
125. Schur Jan
126. Sciandri Maximilian
2001 : police investigation (sanction not known)
127. Walton Brian
128. Yates Sean
1989 : positive control (no penalty)
129. Zimmermann Urs
18 years of existence, 20 cases, ie 1,11 per year
131. Aldanondo Xabier
132. Diaz De Otazu Luis-maria
133. Diaz Zabala Pedro
134. Fuerte Abelenda Anselmo
135. Jalabert Laurent
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
136. Llaneras Juan
2001 : positive control (no penalty)
137. Stephens Neil
1998 : analyses sang, urine, cheveux, aveux en 1998 (sanction not known)
138. Villanueva Jose-luis
139. Weltz Johnny
2000 : confessions in 2015 (no penalty)
11 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,18 per year
141. Herrera Herrera Luis-alberto
142. Marin Ruber
2001 : police investigation
143. Espinosa Sepulv. Luis-edgar
144. Acosta Arias Raul
145. Romanovas Jonas
146. Lupeikis Remigius
147. Ortegon Luque Julio-cesar
148. Moncada Guiza Gerardo
149. Rico Lizarazo Efrain
24 years of existence, 6 cases, ie 0,25 per year
151. Urea José
1992 : positive control (sanction not known)
152. Ugrumov Piotr
1995 : judicial investigation (sanction not known)
153. Elliott Malcolm
1992 : positive control (sanction not known) ; 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
154. Klimov Viktor
155. Rodriguez Garcia José
156. Hilse Peter
157. Rjaksinski Victor
158. Moreno Rebollo Pablo
159. Alemany Villar Ivan
23 years of existence, 33 cases, ie 1,43 per year
161. Ampler Uwe
1993 : confessions in 1994 (no penalty) ; 1999 : positive control ; 1999 : confessions in 1999 (no penalty)
162. Bolts Udo
1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known)
163. Farazijn Peter
199x : judicial investigation (no penalty)
164. Grone Bernd
165. Holzmann Josef
166. Henn Christian
1995 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1999 : positive control
167. Heppner Jens
1998 : senate inquiry (no penalty)
168. Kappes Andreas
1997 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control (no penalty)
169. Schleicher Markus
15 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,73 per year
171. Roosen Luc
172. Peiper Allan
1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
173. Lodge Harry
174. Rogiers Rudy
175. Dauwe Johnny
1990 : positive control
176. Jentsch Olaf
177. Holm Brian
1996 : confessions in 2007 (no penalty) ; 199x : confessions in 1999 (sanction not known)
178. Lilholt Soren
199x : confessions in 2006 (no penalty)
179. Meijs Raymond
67 years of existence, 76 cases, ie 1,13 per year
181. Andersen Kim
1985 : positive control ; 1985 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1986 : positive control ; 1987 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1992 : positive control
182. Bezault Laurent
183. Capelle Christophe
184. Casado Philippe
185. Cornillet Bruno
186. Gouvenou Thierry
187. Lance Pascal
188. Lammerts Johan
189. Seigneur Eddy
32 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,06 per year
191. Sierra Leonardo
192. Faresin Gianni
2000 : blood test
193. Colage Stefano
2021 : positive control
194. Rodriguez Serna Nelson
195. Mantovan Mario
196. Puttini Felice
197. Trepin Diego
198. Perona Davide
199. Strazzer Giovanni
reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction