Giro d'Italia 1988 : the real numbers of doping

Statistics

The table below establishes, team by team, the count of the riders who have been or will be subsequently "pinned" in doping cases.

Teams	Riders	Pinned	Top 10	Pinned	Podium	Pinned
Alba Cucine	9	3	0	0	0	0
Alfa Lum	9	1	0	0	0	0
Atala	9	1	1	0	0	0
Carrera	9	3	1	0	1	0
Ariostea	9	2	0	0	0	0
Del Tongo	9	2	2	1	0	0
Fanini	9	4	1	0	0	0
Gewiss	9	3	0	0	0	0
Gis	9	2	1	0	0	0
Cyndarella	9	2	0	0	0	0
Malvor	9	2	0	0	0	0
Isoglass	9	0	0	0	0	0
Panasonic	9	4	2	1	1	0
PDM	9	6	0	0	0	0
Reynolds	9	2	1	1	0	0
Château d'Ax	9	2	0	0	0	0
Selca	9	1	0	0	0	0
7-Eleven	9	1	1	0	1	0
Toshiba	9	4	0	0	0	0
Zahor	9	1	0	0	0	0
Total	180	46	10	3	3	0
Pourcentage		26%		30%		0%

Other data :

• Riders : 180
• Finishers : 125
• Distance : 3759 km
• Winning time : 97h 18'56"
• Average speed of the winner : 38,627 km/h
• Difference between winner and second rider : 1'43" ie 0,03 %
• Difference between winner and last rider : 4:48'15" ie 4,94 %
• Number of doping cases : 2

The official ranking

Ranking source : www.tour-giro-vuelta.net (12/11/2010)

1. Hampsten Andrew in 97h18'56''
2. Breukink Eric at 0h01'43''
3. Zimmermann Urs at 0h02'45''
4. Giupponi Flavio at 0h06'56'' 1988 : absence to control
5. Chioccioli Franco at 0h13'20''
6. Giovannetti Marco at 0h15'20''
7. Delgado Robledo Pedro at 0h17'02'' 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
8. Winnen Peter at 0h18'14'' 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)
9. Tomasini Stefano at 0h27'01''
10. Vandelli Maurizio at 0h27'02''
11. Breu Beat at 0h28'17'' 1979 : positive control
12. Madiot Marc 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
13. Visentini Roberto at 0h40'07'' 1988 : absence to control
14. Alcala Gallegos Raul at 0h40'09''
15. Vona Franco at 0h42'31''
16. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas at 0h49'12''
17. Nulens Guy at 0h53'49''
18. Ghirotto Massimo at 0h54'48''
19. Volpi Alberto at 0h55'05'' 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : absence to control (no penalty)
20. Bombini Emanuele at 0h55'33'' 2000 : police investigation
21. Vanotti Ennio at 0h57'39''
22. Contini Silvano at 0h58'12'' 1987 : positive control
23. Wechselberger Helmut at 0h59'17''
24. Chiappucci Claudio at 1h01'11'' 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
25. Franceschini Marco at 1h01'22''
26. Amadori Marino at 1h02'42''
27. Saronni Giuseppe at 1h03'28'' 1983 : disciplinary investigation (no penalty)
28. Savini Claudio at 1h04'10''
29. Lecchi Angelo at 1h04'30''
30. Laguia Martinez José-luis at 1h06'55'' 1983 : positive control
31. Vandi Alfio at 1h08'58''
32. Lukin Morantin Luis Javier at 1h10'21''
33. Conti Roberto at 1h11'30'' 2002 : in the act
34. Santaromita Mauro-antonio at 1h11'35'' 1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)
35. Vitali Marco at 1h12'07''
36. Loro Luciano at 1h14'58''
37. Philipot Fabrice at 1h15'40''
38. Arnaud Dominique at 1h17'24''
39. Siboni Marcello at 1h18'07'' 2001 : in the act
40. Portillo Rosado Santiago at 1h18'43''
41. Podenzana Massimo at 1h18'57'' 1986 : positive control
42. Sorensen Rolf at 1h20'51'' 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)
43. Stutz Werner at 1h25'51''
44. Rominger Tony at 1h27'44'' 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
45. Rodriguez Magro Jesus at 1h28'15''
46. Pierce Jeff at 1h28'46''
47. Hernandez Riano Omar-pablo at 1h29'13''
48. Rodriguez Gil Manuel at 1h35'20''
49. Pagnin Roberto at 1h35'26''
50. Faresin Gianni at 1h36'02'' 2000 : blood test
51. Galleschi Enrico at 1h38'24''
52. Rota Luca at 1h39'51''
53. Rabottini Luciano at 1h43'42''
54. Corti Claudio at 1h44'22''
55. Muller Jorg at 1h46'21'' 1987 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
56. Giuliani Stefano at 1h47'10''
57. Van Vliet Teun at 1h48'15''
58. Wyder Daniel at 1h49'10''
59. Moro Michele at 1h50'43''
60. Skoda Jiri at 1h51'01''
61. Roll Bob at 1h52'07''
62. Kiefel Ron at 1h52'21''
63. Piccolo Renato at 1h54'48''
64. Fregonese Giampaolo at 1h55'10''
65. Van Der Velde Johan at 1h56'27'' 1981 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1990 (sanction not known)
66. Van Orsouw Marc at 1h57'15'' 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
67. Gavazzi Pierino at 2h00'43'' 2004 : judicial investigation
68. Worre Jesper at 2h05'18'' 1992 : positive control (sanction not known)
69. Lubberding Henk at 2h05'19''
70. Piovani Maurizio at 2h06'11''
71. Steinmann Kurt at 2h07'12''
72. Hurlimann Bruno at 2h09'36''
73. Salvador Ennio at 2h09'45''
74. Piasecki Lech at 2h09'56''
75. Vanderaerden Eric at 2h10'16''
76. Pozzi Alessandro at 2h13'08''
77. Botteon Luigi at 2h13'19''
78. Votolo Marco-franco at 2h13'45''
79. De Rooy Theo at 2h15'33'' 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
80. Lang Czeslaw at 2h16'48''
81. Pizzol Daniele at 2h18'42''
82. Freuler Urs at 2h18'50'' 1990 : positive control ; 1991 : positive control
83. Zen Marco at 2h18'56''
84. Bordonali Fabio at 2h19'32''
85. Lorenzon Silvano at 2h19'36''
86. Elli Alberto at 2h20'44'' 2001 : in the act
87. Cortinovis Tullio
88. Cesarini Francesco at 2h24'30''
89. Vandelli Claudio at 2h26'55''
90. Ghiotto Federico at 2h31'27'' 1990 : positive control ; 1993 : positive control
91. Bontempi Guido at 2h31'47'' 1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
92. Gisiger Daniel at 2h32'38'' 198x : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
93. Saligari Marco at 2h35'11''
94. Suarez Cueva Jésus at 2h38'16'' 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
95. Vannucci Fabrizio at 2h40'11''
96. Noris Mario at 2h42'20''
97. Furlan Luigi at 2h45'16''
98. Mauri-prat Melchior at 2h45'59''
99. Wohlfahrter Arno at 2h49'04''
100. Piva Valerio at 2h49'37''
101. Bincoletto Pierangelo at 2h50'10''
102. Rosola Paolo at 2h55'06''
103. Peiper Allan at 2h56'48'' 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
104. Chesini Flavio at 2h57'52''
105. Lammerts Johan at 2h58'24''
106. Petito Giuseppe at 2h59'41''
107. Martinello Silvio at 3h05'27''
108. Boffo Luciano at 3h07'25''
109. Di Basco Alessio at 3h07'48'' 1992 : positive control
110. Strazzer Giovanni at 3h08'59''
111. Rocchi Edoardo at 3h10'13''
112. Ferretti Antonio at 3h11'02''
113. Del Ben Daniele at 3h11'07''
114. Allocchio Stefano at 3h17'00''
115. Popp Paul at 3h21'13''
116. Caroli Daniele at 3h29'20''
117. Ronsse Luc at 3h34'56''
118. Phinney Davis at 3h40'27''
119. Ostergaard Jan-erik at 3h43'00''
120. Gambirasio Patrizio at 3h46'49''
121. Bottoia Giovanni at 3h48'51''
122. Grimani Enrico at 3h52'01''
123. Van De Walle Geert at 4h06'47''
124. Redant Hendrik at 4h19'36''
125. Morandi Dante at 4h48'15''

reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction

The alternative ranking

The ranking as it would be if we excluded all racers "pinned" in doping cases during their career.

1. Hampsten Andrew
2. Breukink Erik
3. Zimmermann Urs
4. Chioccioli Franco
5. Giovannetti Marco
6. Tomasini Stefano
7. Vandelli Maurizio
8. Alcala Gallegos Raul
9. Vona Franco
10. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas
11. Nulens Guy
12. Ghirotto Massimo
13. Vanotti Ennio
14. Wechselberger Helmut
15. Franceschini Marco
16. Amadori Marino
17. Savini Claudio
18. Lecchi Angelo
19. Vandi Alfio
20. Lukin Morantin Luis Javier
21. Vitali Marco
22. Loro Luciano
23. Philipot Fabrice
24. Arnaud Dominique
25. Portillo Rosado Santiago
26. Stutz Werner
27. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
28. Pierce Jeff
29. Hernandez Riano Omar-pablo
30. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
31. Pagnin Roberto
32. Galleschi Enrico
33. Rota Luca
34. Rabottini Luciano
35. Corti Claudio
36. Giuliani Stefano
37. Van Vliet Teun
38. Wyder Daniel
39. Moro Michele
40. Skoda Jiri
41. Roll Bob
42. Kiefel Ron
43. Piccolo Renato
44. Fregonese Giampaolo
45. Lubberding Henk
46. Piovani Maurizio
47. Steinmann Kurt
48. Hurlimann Bruno
49. Salvador Ennio
50. Piasecki Lech
51. Vanderaerden Eric
52. Pozzi Alessandro 1
53. Botteon Luigi
54. Votolo Marco-franco
55. Lang Czeslaw
56. Pizzol Daniele
57. Zen Marco
58. Bordonali Fabio
59. Lorenzon Silvano
60. Cortinovis Tullio
61. Cesarini Francesco
62. Vandelli Claudio
63. Saligari Marco
64. Vannucci Fabrizio
65. Noris Mario
66. Furlan Luigi
67. Mauri Melchior
68. Wohlfahrter Arno
69. Piva Valerio
70. Bincoletto Pierangelo
71. Rosola Paolo
72. Chesini Flavio
73. Lammerts Johan
74. Petito Giuseppe
75. Martinello Silvio
76. Boffo Luciano
77. Strazzer Giovanni
78. Rocchi Edoardo
79. Ferretti Antonio
80. Del Ben Daniele
81. Allocchio Stefano
82. Popp Paul
83. Caroli Daniele
84. Ronsse Luc
85. Phinney Davis
86. Ostergaard Jan-erik
87. Gambirasio Patrizio
88. Bottoia Giovanni
89. Grimani Enrico
90. Van De Walle Geert
91. Redant Hendrik
92. Morandi Dante

List of doping cases during the race

Rider	Product	Race	Year	Sanction	Control
Giupponi Flavio		Tour d'Italie	1988	Oui	Constat de carence
Visentini Roberto		Tour d'Italie	1988	Oui	Constat de carence

The list of participants

The list of participants by team

Alba Cucine

1. Chesini Flavio
2. Colage Stefano 2021 : positive control
3. Franceschini Marco
4. Galleschi Enrico
5. Giannelli Alessandro
6. Grimani Enrico
7. Massi Rodolfo 1998 : in the act ; 1998 : confessions in 1998 (sanction not known)
8. Santaromita Mauro-antonio 1997 : blood test ; 199x : blood test (no penalty)
9. Savini Claudio

Alfa Lum

8 years of existence, 1 case, ie 0,13 per year

11. Amadori Marino
12. Boffo Luciano
13. Caroli Daniele
14. Maini Orlando 2000 : police investigation
15. Passera Camillo
16. Rossi Maurizio
17. Longo Federico
18. Zen Marco
19. Skoda Jiri

Atala

25 years of existence, 10 cases, ie 0,4 per year

21. Bardelloni Giambattista
22. Cortinovis Tullio
23. Mantovani Giovanni
24. Martinello Silvio
25. Noris Mario
26. Podenzana Massimo 1986 : positive control
27. Vandelli Claudio
28. Vandelli Maurizio
29. Vitali Marco

Carrera

21 years of existence, 11 cases, ie 0,52 per year

31. Visentini Roberto 1988 : absence to control
32. Zimmermann Urs
33. Bontempi Guido 1987 : positive control ; 1993 : police investigation
34. Ghirotto Massimo
35. Maechler Erich
36. Cerin Primoz
37. Chiappucci Claudio 1993 : police investigation ; 1997 : blood test ; 1997 : blood test
38. Bordonali Fabio
39. Votolo Marco-franco

Ariostea

10 years of existence, 2 cases, ie 0,2 per year

41. Cesarini Francesco
42. Nilsson Kjell
43. Joho Stephan
44. Piva Valerio
45. Rabottini Luciano
46. Roscioli Fabio
47. Saligari Marco
48. Siboni Marcello 2001 : in the act
49. Sorensen Rolf 199x : confessions in 2013 (no penalty) ; 1993 : judicial investigation (no penalty)

Del Tongo

10 years of existence, 3 cases, ie 0,3 per year

51. Saronni Giuseppe 1983 : disciplinary investigation (no penalty)
52. Piovani Maurizio
53. Chioccioli Franco
54. Giupponi Flavio 1988 : absence to control
55. Lecchi Angelo
56. Loro Luciano
57. Lang Czeslaw
58. Piasecki Lech
59. Rota Luca

Fanini

61. Tomasini Stefano
62. Cimini Paolo
63. Gavazzi Pierino 2004 : judicial investigation
64. Di Basco Alessio 1992 : positive control
65. Finazzi Sergio
66. Elli Alberto 2001 : in the act
67. Botteon Luigi
68. Sprefico Maurizio
69. Brugna Walter 1993 : positive control ; 2008 : positive control

Gewiss

71. Furlan Luigi
72. Bombini Emanuele 2000 : police investigation
73. Cassani Davide
74. Pagnin Roberto
75. Piccolo Renato
76. Rosola Paolo
77. Salvador Ennio
78. Volpi Alberto 1993 : positive control (no penalty) ; 1997 : absence to control (no penalty)
79. Worre Jesper 1992 : positive control (sanction not known)

Gis

81. Baffi Adriano
82. Cavallaro Salvatore
83. Cipollini Cesare
84. Del Ben Daniele
85. Ghiotto Federico 1990 : positive control ; 1993 : positive control
86. Giovannetti Marco
87. Masciarelli Palmiro
88. Petito Giuseppe
89. Van Der Velde Johan 1981 : positive control ; 198x : confessions in 1990 (sanction not known)

Cyndarella

91. Breu Beat 1979 : positive control
92. Fuchs Fabian
93. Gisiger Daniel 198x : confessions in 2007 (no penalty)
94. Hurlimann Bruno
95. Rodriguez Gil Manuel
96. Pedretti Omar
97. Schwarzentruber Pius
98. Steinmann Kurt
99. Stutz Werner

Malvor

101. Contini Silvano 1987 : positive control
102. Faresin Gianni 2000 : blood test
103. Fregonese Giampaolo
104. Lorenzon Silvano
105. Pizzol Daniele
106. Strazzer Giovanni
107. Wechselberger Helmut
108. Wohlfahrter Arno
109. Popp Paul

Isoglass

111. Vandi Alfio
112. Redant Hendrik
113. Ronsse Luc
114. Clarysse Dirk
115. Van De Walle Geert
116. Cavallo Domenico
117. Ferretti Antonio
118. Wyder Daniel
119. Ostergaard Jan-erik

Panasonic

121. Breukink Eric
122. Freuler Urs 1990 : positive control ; 1991 : positive control
123. Lubberding Henk
124. Nulens Guy
125. Peiper Allan 1986 : absence to control ; 1985 : confessions in 2005 (no penalty)
126. De Rooy Theo 198x : confessions in 2014 (no penalty)
127. Vanderaerden Eric
128. Van Vliet Teun
129. Winnen Peter 1986 : confessions in 1998 (no penalty)

PDM

7 years of existence, 16 cases, ie 2,29 per year

131. Lemond Greg
132. Barteau Vincent
133. Dhaenens Rudy 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
134. Muller Jorg 1987 : confessions in 2007 (sanction not known) ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)
135. Pedersen Dag-erik
136. Rooks Steven 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : confessions in 1998 & 2009 (no penalty)
137. Stevenhaagen Peter 1988 : confessions (no penalty)
138. Theunisse Gert-jan 1988 : positive control ; 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty) ; 1989 : positive control ; 1990 : positive control
139. Van Orsouw Marc 1988 : journalistic investigation (no penalty)

Reynolds

45 years of existence, 29 cases, ie 0,64 per year

141. Delgado Robledo Pedro 1988 : positive control (no penalty)
142. Lukin Morantin Luis Javier
143. Laguia Martinez José-luis 1983 : positive control
144. Hernandez Riano Omar-pablo
145. Arnaud Dominique
146. Palacios Navar. William
147. Myyrylainen Kari
148. Rodriguez Magro Jesus
149. Mauri-prat Melchior

Château d'Ax

151. Bugno Gianni 1994 : positive control ; 1997 : judicial investigation (no penalty) ; 1999 : in the act
152. Rominger Tony 1994 : positive control (no penalty)
153. Corti Claudio
154. Allocchio Stefano
155. Bottoia Giovanni
156. Giuliani Stefano
157. Pozzi Alessandro
158. Vanotti Ennio
159. Vona Franco

Selca

161. Asti Daniele
162. Conti Roberto 2002 : in the act
163. Moro Michele
164. Morandi Dante
165. Musetti Moreno
166. Gambirasio Patrizio
167. Rocchi Edoardo
168. Brugnami Gianluca
169. Vannucci Fabrizio

7-Eleven

16 years of existence, 4 cases, ie 0,25 per year

171. Alcala Gallegos Raul
172. Hampsten Andrew
173. Kiefel Ron
174. Knickman Roy
175. Lauritzen Dag-otto
176. Phinney Davis
177. Pierce Jeff
178. Roll Bob
179. Veggerby Jens 1993 : positive control

Toshiba

8 years of existence, 8 cases, ie 1 per year

181. Bernard Jean-françois
182. Bincoletto Pierangelo
183. Kappes Andreas 1997 : positive control ; 2000 : positive control (no penalty)
184. Lammerts Johan
185. Madiot Marc 198x : confessions in 1987 (no penalty)
186. Poisson Pascal 198x : aveux en 2021 (no penalty)
187. Philipot Fabrice
188. Gaigne Dominique
189. Riis Bjarne 198x : confessions in 2010 (no penalty) ; 1993 : confessions in 2007 ; 1995 : police investigation (no penalty)

Zahor

191. Fernandez Juan
192. Fancello Cyrille
193. Van Brabant Benny
194. Ocana Perez Angel
195. Martinez Guttierez Juan-thomas
196. Suarez Cueva Jésus 1979 : positive control (sanction not known)
197. Ibanez Loyo Jesus-ignacio
198. Portillo Rosado Santiago
199. Zapatero Juan-mart

reports a rider who was sanctioned in a doping case
reports a rider pinned in our doping directory but who has not been sanctioned or whose we are not aware of the possible sanction

See also

• The real numbers of doping (fr)
• The real numbers of doping on the Tour of Italy
• The real numbers of doping on the Tour de France
• The real numbers of doping on the Tour of Spain
• The doping cases on the Giro d'Italia (fr)
• Notes de lecture Acheter ce livre sur amazon.fr